Stigma experienced by adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-synthesis
1School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
Adolescents with type 1 diabetes experience stigma on individual, interpersonal, and societal levels. Understanding these multisourced stigma experiences is key to developing effective interventions and fostering supportive environments.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic condition requiring lifelong management.
- Adolescence is a critical developmental period marked by unique psychosocial challenges.
- Stigma associated with T1D can negatively impact mental health and treatment adherence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize qualitative evidence on the lived experiences of stigma among adolescents with T1D.
- To identify the various forms and sources of stigma encountered by this population.
- To inform the development of targeted anti-stigma interventions.
Main Methods:
- A systematic meta-synthesis of qualitative studies was conducted.
- Searches were performed across six major databases (PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO) up to February 2024.
- Data synthesis followed Thomas and Harden's methodology, adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
Main Results:
- Seventeen qualitative studies were included in the meta-synthesis.
- Two overarching themes emerged: "living in stigma" and "coping with stigma."
- Living in stigma encompassed perceived, internalized, interpersonal, and structural stigma; coping strategies included active coping and escape-avoidance.
Conclusions:
- This review provides the first meta-synthesis on stigma experiences in adolescents with T1D across individual, interpersonal, and structural levels.
- Identified multisourced stigma is crucial for designing culturally informed, multitiered anti-stigma interventions.
- Enhancing coping mechanisms and creating stigma-free environments are imperative for this population.