Microbiome Engineering for Biotherapeutic in Alzheimer's Disease Through the Gut-Brain Axis: Potentials and Limitations

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Microbiology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder causing cognitive decline due to neuronal damage.
• Key pathological features include amyloid-beta, tau protein aggregation, and neuroinflammation.
• Current treatments for AD are limited, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the correlation between the gut microbiome and Alzheimer's disease.
• To examine the mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in AD pathogenesis.
• To highlight novel biotherapeutic applications and their limitations for AD.

Main Methods:

• Review of current scientific literature on the gut microbiome and AD.
• Analysis of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in relation to AD pathology.
• Examination of emerging biotherapeutics including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and paraprobiotics.

Main Results:

• The gut microbiome influences AD pathogenesis through the gut-brain axis.
• Beneficial microorganisms can modulate inflammation, neurotransmitter balance, and gut health.
• Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and paraprobiotics show potential in mitigating AD.

Conclusions:

• The gut-brain axis represents a promising biotherapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
• Microbiome-targeted interventions offer a novel approach to AD management.
• Further research is needed to fully understand and optimize these treatments.